从灾难恢复:渔业管理成功的故事

恢复Vindel河、瑞典布朗大西洋鲑鱼和鳟鱼

Christer尼尔森古斯塔夫·赫尔斯。斯蒂格Westbergh,丹尼尔,谢尔Leonardsson,丹尼尔•Holmqvist Stefan Agren Johanna Gardestrom,安德斯Alanara,汉斯Lundqvist

doi:https://doi.org/10.47886/9781934874554.ch6

文摘,Vindel河(Vindelalven),瑞典,长450公里,年平均流量190 m³/ s和贯穿在瑞典北部人口稀少的地区,加入梅花河附近的波罗的海。大西洋鲑鱼严重下降大西洋鲑和棕色鳟鱼美国trutta在过去的一个世纪是由(1)强烈timber-floating活动从1800年代中期开始,流栖息地退化;(2)水电开发在1900年代早期,限制或阻止上游迁移;和(3)扩大沿海/海洋渔业1950年之后,它不溯河产卵的数量。修复工作在1980年代和1970年代失败由于低储存计划和足够的栖息地恢复的效果。立法改革统一长江沿岸渔业权所有者(来回)帮助启动修复工作在1990年代末,专注于改善鱼迁移过去的水电站和恢复退化的栖息地。瑞典加入欧盟使大型资金修复项目成为可能。后返回大西洋鲑鱼的数量显著增加移民条件改善水电站和近海渔业有严格规定。成功的栖息地恢复是基于获得信任通过广泛从地主和来回沟通获得他们的土地。修复工作是适应和经验纳入恢复指南。大学的参与,提供专业知识和作为一个公正的翻译数据,提供了支持法律的过程和在评估恢复措施。 During the course of the restoration work, managers learned that stocking often did not produce satisfactory results. By studying historical documents from the timber-floating era, managers learned that the scope of modifications of the tributaries had been much greater than previously thought and that habitat restoration needed to be extensive. In many tributaries, the number of juvenile Brown Trout increased significantly after habitat restoration, sometimes dramatically exceeding expectations, which made the managers question the validity of established production estimates for northern boreal streams. The experience and knowledge gained from the Vindel River restoration served as the catalyst for many other major restoration projects in rivers emptying into the Baltic Sea.