年龄和生长的鱼:原则和技术

第七章:Cleithra,齿骨和其他骨骼

马修·d·浮士德和乔治·d·Scholten

doi:https://doi.org/10.47886/9781934874486.ch7

最常见的方法获取鱼类的年龄估计的解释钙化结构(Casselman 1987;林鸽et al . 2012年)尺度,鳍射线和耳石最常用的管理机构(Maceina et al . 2007年)。然而,这些常用钙化结构申请有限的年龄估计一些鱼类由于无法产生准确的和(或)精确的估计年龄(例如,亚当斯1942;迈耶1960;约翰逊1971;Oele et al . 2015年)。在这些情况下,其他钙化结构(即。,bones) such as cleithra and dentaries may be used to provide age estimates and back-calculate growth. In this chapter, we provide an overview of methods used to extract, prepare, and view cleithra, dentaries, and other bones when estimating age and growth.

cleithrum(单数;cleithra-plural)是一种配对骨鱼的肩胛带和位于鳃盖直接后(Casselman 1979)。大量研究评估年龄估计cleithra各种鱼类(例如,白抽油:MacCrimmon 1979;剃刀鲸抽油:麦卡锡和Minckley 1987;湖红点鲑:夏普和伯纳德1988;1991年红点鲑:贝克和Timmons);大多数这些研究得出的结论是,其他钙化结构提供了更精确的年龄估计。然而,对于相对长寿esocid物种(如大梭鱼,派克北部),cleithra能够准确反映年龄和生长信息(Casselman 1979, 1990;莱恩et al . 1991年)。例如,cleithra已经验证了派克北部11岁(Babaluk和克雷格1990; Laine et al. 1991), yet their validity for age and growth estimation of Muskellunge has been assumed based on the close relationship between the two species (Robinson 2005). Numerous studies have demonstrated limitations of using fin rays and scales to estimate age of Muskellunge and Northern Pike (Johnson 1971; Casselman 1983; Fitzgerald et al. 1997). Despite their widespread use for age and growth estimation in other fishes, otoliths have been used infrequently for estimating age of esocids (Maceina et al. 2007; Rydell et al. 2008). Only recently have studies compared precision of age estimates derived from otoliths and cleithra for Northern Pike (Faust et al. 2013; Oele et al. 2015; Blackwell et al. 2016). Although age estimates were obtained from the two structures, cleithra were recommended due to a relative ease of interpretation and lack of necessary specialized laboratory equipment (Faust et al. 2013; Oele et al. 2015). However, Blackwell et al. (2016) recommended the use of otoliths for estimating age of Northern Pike because otoliths had higher precision relative to the other structures evaluated. Furthermore, cleithra may not be the best structure for all scenarios. For instance, if fish cannot be sacrificed, other structures (e.g., fin rays) may be necessary for age and growth estimation (Johnson 1971; Brenden et al. 2006).